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{{Cleanup |text=This article was recently merged from two articles. Some text is probably duplicated.}} | {{Cleanup |text=This article was recently merged from two articles. Some text is probably duplicated.}} | ||
Hubzilla | {{Infobox |title=Hubzilla |website=hubzilla.org |website2= |instance= |instance2= |mastohandle= |mastoinstance=}} | ||
Hubzilla is a very powerful "jack-of-all-trades" in the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse |link-name=Fediverse}}, often described as a decentralised social content management system, but with social networking, microblogging and cloud features. | Hubzilla is a very powerful "jack-of-all-trades" in the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse |link-name=Fediverse}}, often described as a decentralised social content management system, but with social networking, microblogging and cloud features. | ||
It evolved from a Facebook alternative and still offers Facebook-like social networking. On top of that, it can be a replacement for services like Dropbox, Google Cloud Storage, Google Calendar, Google Contacts and many others. | |||
<!-- From here on, the (streams) article will be very similar. If you edit one, check if the same part exists on the other, and edit it, too. --> | <!-- From here on, the (streams) article will be very similar. If you edit one, check if the same part exists on the other, and edit it, too. --> | ||
== What does Hubzilla feel like? == | |||
== | === Overall feel === | ||
With its immense wealth of features, Hubzilla is not exactly for Fediverse novices. It doesn't look or feel like any of the several microblogging projects in the Fediverse, nor does it mimic the look and feel of any one particular commercial platform. | |||
The most similar Fediverse project comes from {{Internal link |target=What is (streams)? |link-name=the Streams repository}}, followed by {{Internal link |target=What is Forte? |link-name=Forte}} and {{Internal link |target=Friendica |link-name=Friendica}}, also because Hubzilla was forked from a Friendica fork. None of them offers quite as many features as Hubzilla, though. | |||
Hubzilla's Web interface is extensively themeable, much like wholly different Web interfaces for {{Internal link |target=Mastodon |link-name=Mastodon}}, but as of now, there is only one official theme, Redbasic. It can be extensively configured, though. It also has a dark mode that can be activated manually. | Hubzilla's Web interface is extensively themeable, much like wholly different Web interfaces for {{Internal link |target=Mastodon |link-name=Mastodon}}, but as of now, there is only one official theme, Redbasic. It can be extensively configured, though. It also has a dark mode that can be activated manually. | ||
There is only one mobile app that works with Hubzilla: The third-party app Nomad is only available for Android and only from F-Droid or as an APK download. Also, it has not been maintained since October 2019. There is no Hubzilla app on the Google Play Store, and there is no Hubzilla app for iOS at all. See also under [[#External links|external links]]. | |||
{{Internal link |target=Mastodon |link-name=Mastodon}} apps don't work with Hubzilla. | {{Internal link |target=Mastodon |link-name=Mastodon}} apps don't work with Hubzilla. | ||
=== Nomenclature === | |||
* instance = "hub" | |||
* timeline = "stream" | |||
* reply = "comment" (which is different from a post; see below) | |||
=== Accounts === | |||
On Hubzilla, your account is neither your identity nor where your posts and other data are stored. For this, Hubzilla has {{Internal link |target=What are channels on Hubzilla, (streams) and Forte? |link-name=channels}}. When you create a Hubzilla account, you're also asked to create a first channel. | |||
You can add more channels on the same account anytime. This way, you can have multiple fully separate identities with only one login for them all. Each channel acts like a fully separate account on most other projects. Connections, posts, uploaded files, everything is individual per channel. | |||
Hubzilla | On top of that, Hubzilla kept Friendica's multiple profiles per account and optionally offers multiple profiles per channel. You can assign specific profiles to your connections and show them different sides and aspects of your identity. | ||
A channel can have several roles. It can be your personal social networking identity and/or your personal cloud storage, it can be a soapbox, it can be a moderated public or private forum/discussion group etc. There are several pre-defined channel roles, and customising the channel role is possible, too. | |||
Also, channels aren't bound to one hub. They also make {{Internal link |target=What is nomadic identity? |link-name=nomadic identity}} possible: You can clone any of your channels across two or more hubs, and these clones always stay in sync. It basically gives you real-time backup. | |||
Channels can be exported in their entirety with an optional built-in "app", and they can be imported into accounts. This is not for moving channels which nomadic identity can handle much more easily and gracefully, but rather for local backups. | |||
Hubzilla supports single sign-on via {{Internal link |target=What is OpenWebAuth? |link-name=OpenWebAuth}}. If you're logged in, other instances with OpenWebAuth can recognise you and, for example, give you special permissions. OpenWebAuth even takes into account which one of your channels is currently active. | |||
=== Connections === | |||
Connections are generally either only out-going or mutual. There are no followers without following back. That's because all connections have to be confirmed, either automatically or manually, and when they're confirmed, they're also followed back. | |||
Each connection can be configured extensively. It can be assigned a contact role which is a customisable set of permissions. It can be added to one or several privacy groups which are similar to Friendica groups, {{Internal link |target=What is diaspora*? |link-name=diaspora*}} aspects, Google+ circles or Mastodon groups. It can be assigned a profile if multiple profiles are activated. It can be blocked, ignored, hidden or archived, and so forth. | |||
Hubzilla itself is not based on ActivityPub. Support for ActivityPub is established through an "app" named ''Pubcrawl'' which is optional for both hubs and channels. At hub level, it is on by default. On channel level, however, it has to be manually activated ("installed") before connections to Mastodon & Co. can be created. | |||
In addition, Hubzilla federates with diaspora*, the OStatus protocol and even e-mail. Channels can subscribe to RSS and Atom feeds, and they generate their own RSS feeds. Posts can be forwarded to WordPress and other blogs that use XMLRPC. Hubzilla also used to be fully federated with Twitter/X which is now reduced to an optional crosspost connector. | In addition, Hubzilla federates with diaspora*, the OStatus protocol and even e-mail. Channels can subscribe to RSS and Atom feeds, and they generate their own RSS feeds. Posts can be forwarded to WordPress and other blogs that use XMLRPC. Hubzilla also used to be fully federated with Twitter/X which is now reduced to an optional crosspost connector. | ||
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* No indicator which project a post or comment came from | * No indicator which project a post or comment came from | ||
=More info about Hubzilla= | =More info about Hubzilla= | ||
Hubzilla is a CMS platform and {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}'s replacement for Facebook, Dropbox, Google Calendar and much more. | Hubzilla is a CMS platform and {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}'s replacement for Facebook, Dropbox, Google Calendar and much more. | ||
'''Hubzilla''' (formerly known as '''Redmatrix''') is a modular webserver based operating system which includes technologies for publishing, social media, file sharing, photo sharing, chat and more, including the ability to develop custom modules. These services connect across server and administrative boundaries through the communication protocol Zot, providing decentralized and nomadic identity within the Zot network, while message federation is supported over Zot, {{Internal link |target=ActivityPub}}, {{Internal link |target=OStatus}} and the {{Internal link |target=diaspora*|diaspora*}} protocol, making Hubzilla interoperable with most distributed social networks and the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}. | '''Hubzilla''' (formerly known as '''Redmatrix''') is a modular webserver based operating system which includes technologies for publishing, social media, file sharing, photo sharing, chat and more, including the ability to develop custom modules. These services connect across server and administrative boundaries through the communication protocol Zot, providing decentralized and nomadic identity within the Zot network, while message federation is supported over Zot, {{Internal link |target=ActivityPub}}, {{Internal link |target=OStatus}} and the {{Internal link |target=diaspora*|diaspora*}} protocol, making Hubzilla interoperable with most distributed social networks and the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}. | ||
In 2020 the project was recognized by the NLnet foundation with a NGI-Zero Discovery grant to support its future development, highlighting the contribution of Hubzilla in providing a decentralized identity and authentication layer to the Web. | |||
In 2020 the project was recognized by the NLnet foundation with a NGI-Zero Discovery grant to support its future development, highlighting the contribution of Hubzilla in providing a decentralized identity and authentication layer to the Web. | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
Hubzilla (formerly ''Friendica Red'', ''Redmatrix'', ''Hubmaker'') came into existence on May 12th, 2012, as an effort by the founder and former lead of the {{Internal link |target=Friendica}} project, Mike Macgirvin, to experiment with decentralized approaches to managing user identities and access control on the Web. | Hubzilla (formerly ''Friendica Red'', ''Redmatrix'', ''Hubmaker'') came into existence on May 12th, 2012, as an effort by the founder and former lead of the {{Internal link |target=Friendica}} project, Mike Macgirvin, to experiment with decentralized approaches to managing user identities and access control on the Web. | ||
On July 12th, 2011, the protocol Zot was named for the first time.On May 12th, 2012, the initial commit of the project was made. Blogging features, WebDAV, CalDAV and CardDAV, and also a range of content management tools were added.On May 3rd, 2015, the platform software was renamed Hubzilla. On December 4th, 2015, Hubzilla 1.0 was officially launched. | On July 12th, 2011, the protocol Zot was named for the first time.On May 12th, 2012, the initial commit of the project was made. Blogging features, WebDAV, CalDAV and CardDAV, and also a range of content management tools were added.On May 3rd, 2015, the platform software was renamed Hubzilla. On December 4th, 2015, Hubzilla 1.0 was officially launched. | ||
== Features == | == Features == | ||
Hubzilla is a decentralized communication and publishing platform. A server running Hubzilla, called a ''hub'', interoperates with other hubs primarily through the Zot protocol, yet may also be configured to function in isolation. Some notable features of Hubzilla are: | Hubzilla is a decentralized communication and publishing platform. A server running Hubzilla, called a ''hub'', interoperates with other hubs primarily through the Zot protocol, yet may also be configured to function in isolation. Some notable features of Hubzilla are: | ||
''Nomadic identities - a'' member of a hub may create any number of web identities, called ''channels''. The Zot protocol allows channels to be unbound from the hub where they are created. They may be ported to a different hub, but also cloned, in which case the channel's identity and data will exist simultaneously in more than one location. This provides resilience to channels should a hub shut down or become unavailable. | ''Nomadic identities - a'' member of a hub may create any number of web identities, called ''channels''. The Zot protocol allows channels to be unbound from the hub where they are created. They may be ported to a different hub, but also cloned, in which case the channel's identity and data will exist simultaneously in more than one location. This provides resilience to channels should a hub shut down or become unavailable. | ||
''Access control'' - any item published by a channel, be it a post, photo or web page, has its own access control list determining which local or remote identities can access it. | ''Access control'' - any item published by a channel, be it a post, photo or web page, has its own access control list determining which local or remote identities can access it. | ||
''Open Web Auth'' - OWA is a subset of the Zot protocol describing a method for a user agent, typically a web browser, to identify itself on behalf of a channel through what is called remote authentication. It allows hubs to provide or deny access to items and actions for identities residing in a different hub. | ''Open Web Auth'' - OWA is a subset of the Zot protocol describing a method for a user agent, typically a web browser, to identify itself on behalf of a channel through what is called remote authentication. It allows hubs to provide or deny access to items and actions for identities residing in a different hub. | ||
''DAV'' - the WebDAV, CalDAV and CardDAV protocols are supported | ''DAV'' - the WebDAV, CalDAV and CardDAV protocols are supported | ||
''Directory'' - a decentralized searchable directory of channels | ''Directory'' - a decentralized searchable directory of channels | ||
''OpenID'' - Hubzilla functions as an OpenID provider, allowing users to log into OpenID-enabled sites with their Hubzilla channels. | ''OpenID'' - Hubzilla functions as an OpenID provider, allowing users to log into OpenID-enabled sites with their Hubzilla channels. | ||
== Organizational use == | == Organizational use == | ||
There is at least one documented large-scale use of Hubzilla beyond the typical personal, family or community communications platform. Peer reviewed publications in IEEE's International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, and BMC Health Services Research, describe the use of Redmatrix (today Hubzilla) as a tool for integrating and providing continuous care across the network of healthcare providers serving a neighborhood of 600'000 people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. | There is at least one documented large-scale use of Hubzilla beyond the typical personal, family or community communications platform. Peer reviewed publications in IEEE's International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, and BMC Health Services Research, describe the use of Redmatrix (today Hubzilla) as a tool for integrating and providing continuous care across the network of healthcare providers serving a neighborhood of 600'000 people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. | ||
== Reception == | == Reception == | ||
An academic report published in 2015 says Hubzilla/Redmatrix "is currently most suited to be provided as an alternative to the current centralized social networks and [...] can be provided as a service by hosting providers. It has an efficient message distribution model, enhanced privacy features, and provides an unique feature named nomadic identities. [...] It is currently more mature than some of the other implementations and puts the user back in control of their data." | An academic report published in 2015 says Hubzilla/Redmatrix "is currently most suited to be provided as an alternative to the current centralized social networks and [...] can be provided as a service by hosting providers. It has an efficient message distribution model, enhanced privacy features, and provides an unique feature named nomadic identities. [...] It is currently more mature than some of the other implementations and puts the user back in control of their data." | ||
Hubzilla was the only open-source social network solution whose implementation of privacy is considered "Extensive" in a 2015 peer-reviewed survey paper. | Hubzilla was the only open-source social network solution whose implementation of privacy is considered "Extensive" in a 2015 peer-reviewed survey paper. | ||
Hubzilla is mentioned on the [https://prism-break.org/en/all/#social-networks PRISM Break] catalogue of software for preventing global data surveillance. | Hubzilla is mentioned on the [https://prism-break.org/en/all/#social-networks PRISM Break] catalogue of software for preventing global data surveillance. | ||
Hubzilla appears as a case and recommendation in the chapter "Tendências democráticas e autoritárias, arquiteturas distribuídas e centralizadas" (Democratic and authoritarian tendencies, distributed and centralized architectures) in the book "Democracia Digital, Comunicação e Política em Redes", organized by the Digital Culture Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil. | Hubzilla appears as a case and recommendation in the chapter "Tendências democráticas e autoritárias, arquiteturas distribuídas e centralizadas" (Democratic and authoritarian tendencies, distributed and centralized architectures) in the book "Democracia Digital, Comunicação e Política em Redes", organized by the Digital Culture Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil. | ||
A peer-reviewed academic article (in Portuguese) from the conference of the Latin American Network for Studies of Surveillance, Technology and Society highlights the importance of features unique to Redmatrix/Hubzilla in the effort to recover privacy and decentralization of the Internet. | A peer-reviewed academic article (in Portuguese) from the conference of the Latin American Network for Studies of Surveillance, Technology and Society highlights the importance of features unique to Redmatrix/Hubzilla in the effort to recover privacy and decentralization of the Internet. | ||
In connection with the failure of billions of Facebook accounts on October 2021, German public broadcaster ZDF recommended alternative decentralized services, including Hubzilla: "Instead of Facebook, Friendica, Hubzilla or Diaspora can be used." | In connection with the failure of billions of Facebook accounts on October 2021, German public broadcaster ZDF recommended alternative decentralized services, including Hubzilla: "Instead of Facebook, Friendica, Hubzilla or Diaspora can be used." | ||
Landesanstalt für medien Nordrhein-Westfalen (broadcasting authority of the federal state in Germany) named Hubzilla as one of the services known for "ensuring high data protection and using open standards that make offerings interoperable" | Landesanstalt für medien Nordrhein-Westfalen (broadcasting authority of the federal state in Germany) named Hubzilla as one of the services known for "ensuring high data protection and using open standards that make offerings interoperable" | ||
The Digitalcourage association, in an article introducing the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}, recommends Hubzilla as a "social-media-cockpit" given its versatility. | The Digitalcourage association, in an article introducing the {{Internal link |target=Fediverse}}, recommends Hubzilla as a "social-media-cockpit" given its versatility. | ||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
Main article: | Main article: {{Internal link |target=Fediverse weblinks#Hubzilla |link-name=Hubzilla Weblinks}} | ||
* [https://hubzilla.org Hubzilla project site] | * [https://hubzilla.org Hubzilla project site] | ||
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* [https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.dfa.hubzilla_android/ Nomad - Hubzilla for Android (on F-Droid)] | * [https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.dfa.hubzilla_android/ Nomad - Hubzilla for Android (on F-Droid)] | ||
* [https://framagit.org/disroot/AndHub Source code repository of Nomad (on Framagit)] | * [https://framagit.org/disroot/AndHub Source code repository of Nomad (on Framagit)] | ||
* [http://hubzilla.org Hubzilla project site] | |||
* [https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core Hubzilla Git repository] | |||
* Articles about Hubzilla or mentioning Hubzilla | |||
** in the German magazine "FIfF-Kommunikation": | |||
*** 2018-07-26 (Gustav Wall): [https://www.fiff.de/publikationen/fiff-kommunikation/fk-2018/fk-2018-1/fk-2018-1-content/fk-1-18-p68.pdf Informationelle Selbstbestimmung und Datenautonomie mit Hubzilla] | |||
** on boinboing.net: | |||
*** 2018-07-18 [https://boingboing.net/2018/07/18/platform-independence.html Facebook Domination vs. Self-Determination] | |||
** on medium.com: | |||
*** 2018-04-22 (Andrew Manning): [https://medium.com/@tamanning/understanding-the-hubzilla-permissions-system-7d29cbc77b6e Understanding the Hubzilla permissions system] | |||
*** 2018-04-14 (Waitman Gobble): [https://medium.com/@waitmang/its-like-totally-time-to-build-your-web-site-on-hubzilla-42f74f641b2f It’s like totally time to build your web site on Hubzilla] | |||
*** 2018-04-02 (Ian) [https://medium.com/syntomic/the-post-facebook-social-network-d938748be527 The Post-Facebook Social Network] | |||
*** 2018-02-28 (Sean Tilley): [https://medium.com/we-distribute/the-do-everything-system-an-in-depth-review-of-hubzilla-3-0-692204177d4e The Do-Everything System: An in-depth review of Hubzilla 3.0.] | |||
*** 2017-10-10 (Sean Tilley): [https://medium.com/we-distribute/got-zot-mike-macgirvin-45287601ff19 Got Zot — Mike Macgirvin on building your own apps and protocols] | |||
*** 2017-07-15 (Andrew Manning): [https://medium.com/@tamanning/nomadic-identity-brought-to-you-by-hubzilla-67eadce13c3b Nomadic identity, brought to you by Hubzilla] | |||
** 2017-08-01, updated 2018-04-15: [https://start.hubzilla.org/page/admin/zot_intro&owt=4eff015ed66dbf9fc6a8ee512b6bd6a6&owt=8c3d015994bc77e625eb79a0a95aba6a Got Zot? An introduction to the protocol that powers Hubzilla] | |||
** on zdnet.com: | |||
*** 2017-04-17 (Eileen Brown): [https://www.zdnet.com/article/is-mastodon-the-new-social-media-star-or-imploding-black-hole/ Is Mastodon the new social media star, or imploding black hole?] | |||
** on talkplus.org: | |||
*** 2016: [http://www.talkplus.org/blog/2016/the-history-of-hubzilla/ The history of Hubzilla] | |||
** on blog.novatrend.ch: | |||
*** 2019-03-04: Hagen Graf: [https://blog.novatrend.ch/2019/03/04/soziales-content-managemant-mit-hubzilla/ Soziales Content management mit Hubzilla] | |||
** on linuxaddictos.com: | |||
*** 2019-12-11: David Naranjo: [https://www.linuxadictos.com/liberada-la-nueva-version-de-la-plataforma-de-comunicaciones-descentralizadas-hubzilla-4-6.html Liberada la nueva versión de la plataforma de comunicaciones descentralizadas Hubzilla 4.6] | |||
* Podcast in German about Hubzilla on besser.demkontinuum.de (2018-06-22): [https://besser.demkontinuum.de/2018/06/hubzilla-s01e03/ Hubzilla #S01E03] | |||
* Interview in German on greennetproject.org (Markus Kollotzek, 2017-11-21): [https://greennetproject.org/2017/11/21/interview-zum-thema-hubzilla/ Hubzilla – Interview zum dezentralen sozialen Netzwerk] | |||
* Presentation video in Russian (Gustav Wall, 2017-06-24): [http://0x1.tv/Hubzilla_%E2%80%93_%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5,_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8,_Hubzilla-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(Gustav_Wall,_LVEE-2017) Hubzilla – введение, возможности, Hubzilla-сообщество (Gustav Wall, LVEE-2017)] | |||
{{Navbar/Hubzilla}} | {{Navbar/Hubzilla}} | ||